Research and historical experience have established that major health determinants are not located as much in individual behavior as in the social and physical environment. Physicians can — and should — use the media’s power to help advocate for policies that can improve that environment. They can do so using a strategy known as media advocacy. This article explains how.
Public health professionals, advocates and community groups often criticize the news media for “not getting the story right.” But there is an alternative to just complaining about the news. Using a strategy called media advocacy, public health advocates can help shape how journalists tell social and public health stories, and, in turn, influence policy makers’ opinions and actions regarding policies that affect health. This article describes BMSG’s approach to putting media advocacy into practice.
Public service advertisements have been used by many in hopes of “selling” good health behaviors. But behavior is only part of what determines health. Such advertising may be doing more harm than good if it diverts attention from socially based health promotion strategy. Counter-ads are one strategy that can promote a broader responsibility and place health issues in a social and political context.
How we think about health problems, and what we do about them, is largely determined by how they are reported on television, radio and in the newspapers. Often, crucial issues of public health policy are debated and decided on only after they are made visible by the media. In this book, we discuss the concept of media advocacy as a central strategy for the prevention of public health problems. We also lay out the theoretical framework and practical guidelines to successful media advocacy strategies and include case studies on such vital issues as AIDS and alcohol abuse.
This article contains findings from a content analysis of health messages found in television commercial time including advertisements, public service announcements (PSAs), editorials, and promotions for upcoming programs. Overall, 31% of the 654 commercial spots contained health messages, and most health messages were claims of good nutrition in food and beverage advertisements. No PSA addressed tobacco, alcohol, or diet — the three leading behavioral risk factors for poor health.
The media frame stories to fit dominant perceptions of social problems, making the news an important vehicle for agenda-setting. Yet a content analysis of 20 hour-long segments of health messages on television revealed that health stories were not presented from a public health perspective. Rather, as this letter published in the American Journal of Public Health shows, stories focused more on medical technology, risk factors, and individual behavior or responsibility.
