Communicating for change: News about housing, equity, and health in Baltimore
Monday, July 12, 2021Our health depends on having stable, safe housing — but inequitable and unjust housing policies limit access to this vital resource for many people in our communities based on factors like race, immigration status, disability status, income-level, gender, and sexuality. The public and policymakers need to understand that housing is a public health issue and that by changing housing policy we can improve community health. News coverage is a key driver of public conversations about health and social justice issues: It influences not only whether people think about housing, but also how they think about it and what they think should be done.
As part of a larger framing analysis for Kresge’s Housing and Health Equity grantees, researchers from Berkeley Media Studies Group (BMSG) are exploring questions like: How often does news from Baltimore focus on housing? Which housing issues are most often covered? And when housing appears in Baltimore news, are equity and health part of the conversation? To find out, we used the LexisNexis database to collect articles published in The Baltimore Sun, a key local outlet, between June 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021 about issues such as affordable housing, homelessness, tenant protections, gentrification, and community land trusts.
We found that the Sun published 18,152 news articles between June 1, 2020 and May 31, 2021. Only 94 articles focused on housing, representing 0.5% of all news in the paper. Because housing issues are themselves interconnected, search terms were not mutually exclusive; in other words, one article could reference multiple housing topics. About two-thirds of the housing stories (65 articles) included equity or health-related terms such as “well-being,” “illness,” “disparities,” “low-income,” or “communities of color.”
The majority of stories from The Baltimore Sun were about affordable housing (53 articles). The Sun‘s coverage tended to focus on affordable housing while other housing issues were less visible. Advocates could pitch stories that build on the paper’s attention to affordable housing but expand the frame to show how housing issues are interconnected, and how they affect health outcomes.
While the news about housing spiked a few times throughout 2020, it ultimately peaked in May 2021 in response to a variety of converging stories (e.g., the resumption of eviction hearings, changes to the federal eviction moratorium, and new local housing policy efforts). Changes in federal, state, and local housing policy can provide windows of opportunity for advocates to communicate about complex issues with the public. By monitoring news coverage, advocates can piggyback off national and state stories about housing to highlight housing issues specific to their region or city.
BMSG is continuing to analyze news coverage to inform local media advocacy campaigns to create healthy communities where anyone, regardless of what they look like or where they come from, can live in safe and stable housing. To learn more about BMSG’s work on framing analysis and media advocacy for public health and social justice issues, visit BMSG.org.
Methods: Our research was informed by a survey of grantees funded by the Kresge Foundation’s Advancing Health Equity Through Housing (HEH) initiative. Grantees are working across housing issues including affordable housing, homelessness, tenant protections, gentrification and displacement, and community land trusts. We used the LexisNexis archive to collect news articles from one of the highest circulation news outlets in each grantee’s media market (N = 22 outlets): We used search terms related to equity or health (such as “health,” “disease,” “illness,” “equity,” “disparity,” “low-income,” “racism,” etc.) as well as the specific housing issues named in the survey.